Acne is a skin disorder manifesting in many different forms like spot, pustule, inflammation and uninflamed spot… They often appear in areas of skin having many large oil glands such as face, the above part of chest and back.

Acne generally starts to appear at the onset of teenagers when hormone called androgens irritating oil glands on their skins. Some grown women suffer from acne because the changes in hormone associate with pregnant time, menses cycle or the beginning of using or stopping contraceptive drugs.

Risk factors

Acne absolutely has connection with oil glands. Although the mechanism and main reasons of acne cannot be understood well, people define some risk factors which conclude:

- Genetic and hereditary

- The changes of hormone associate with teenager, pregnant time and menses cycle (Acne has a tendency to develop before a menstrual cycle).

- Some drugs, like corticoid, androgens, contraceptive drugs, lithium, isoniazid, phenytoin, Phenobarbital.

- Polycystic ovaries syndrome.

- Cosmetic and apply hair product (pommat)

- Perspiration, rub (because hair set, backpack, safety helmet, tight collar.

- Squeeze acne.

Choose treatment

An important way to prevent acne is taking care of skin: wash lightly at least 1-2 / day by weak soap which doesn’t make the skin dry. It takes 6-8 weeks to improve the state of illness in spite of any kinds of treatment.

Ointment

There are some creams, syrups or soaps containing benzoyl, peroxyd, retinoid (or adapalen, acid azaleic) or antibiotic. Remember not to combine retinoid with benzoyl, peroxyd in order to avoid the bad reaction and it should be used at low concentration (0.025%) in small areas before applying on the whole face. Some side- effects of retinoid include: red, peeling skin, sensitive to sunlight and effect on fetus. Antibiotics applying on the spot such as clindamycin or erythromycin used for mild acne cases or on medium level ones, and can be combined with benzoyl peroxyd.

Medicine

Oral antibiotics like doxycyclin (50-100 mg, twice a day), minocyclin (100mg/day) or tetracycline (500 mg, twice a day) – can be combined with ointment indicated for medium and high acne cases, but it is not used for pregnant women or breastfeeding mothers and children under the age of 9 (use erythromycin 250 mg, 4 times/day)

Isotretinoin, a kind of oral retinoid should be used carefully for severe inflammation acne cases which cannot be treated by the other therapies. It is not indicated for pregnant women. Females on childbearing age having sexual activities when using isotretinoin are recommended to apply contraceptive methods. In the other hands, before using those methods, they should have pregnant tests, count blood cells, have lipid blood tests and survey the function of livers. Then, test again once per month. Some side effects of isotretinoin are: inflammatory lip (90%), raise triglyceride blood (25%), conjunctivitis, muscular pain, dried eyes, arthritis, hair loss and sensitive to light (ought to use sunscreen). When your lips are inflammation, you can use pommat petrolatum (or vaselin). Some kinds of birth control pills have good effects on treatment of acne.

Optical therapy and laser

Optical therapy with red rays, green rays and others are being tested. Laser therapy is initially considered safe and effective.

Related posts:

1. 9 ways to obscure acne scars quickly
2. Bleeding out Menstruation Period